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1,3-Propanediol (CAS 504-63-2)

301B

1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is the main raw material for producing polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT). It can also be used as a raw material for synthetic plasticizers, detergents, preservatives and emulsifiers. In particular, it is used to manufacture high-performance PTT fibers, which combine the properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with the excellent resilience and stain resistance of nylon, and are widely used in carpets, engineering plastics, apparel fabrics and other fields. Since PTT has become a hot spot in the international development of synthetic fibers, the production of 1,3-PDO as its raw material has become the cornerstone of the development of the PTT industry.

For a long time, the global industrial output of 1,3-PDO was very low while its price was relatively high, which hindered the development of the PTT industry. For example, in 1991 the output was only 100 tons, and its market share was far lower than that of ethylene glycol, so 1,3-PDO had not become a bulk commodity chemical. It was not until 1995, when Germany's Degussa successfully developed a new process for synthesizing 1,3-PDO from acrolein, and the U.S. Shell company developed low-cost 1,3-PDO from ethylene oxide, that 1,3-PDO achieved significant development. According to statistics, the world production capacity of 1,3-PDO reached 136,000 t/a in 2001, and industry insiders predicted that the annual demand for PTT fiber would reach 1 million tons by 2010.

Currently, global production of 1,3-PDO is basically monopolized by three companies: Germany's Degussa, the U.S. Shell and the U.S. DuPont. The three companies each adopt different technical routes. Degussa uses the acrolein hydration-hydrogenation method, Shell uses the ethylene oxide carbonylation method, and both follow the "petrochemical synthesis route". The other producer, DuPont, uses its own innovative bio-engineering method.

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